نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران

2 استاد، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران

4 دانشیار، گروه ارتوپدی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران

چکیده

میله­گذاری درون‌استخوانی روشی رایج در درمان شکستگی­های تنه­ی استخوان فمور می‌باشد. به علت تغییر شکل میله در فرایند جای‌گذاری درون کانال استخوان، بستن پیچ انتهایی میله برای جراحان چالش برانگیز و زمان­بر است. تغییر شکل میله باعث می­شود که استفاده از فیکسچرهای متصل به میله برای یافتن محل صحیح سوراخ انتهایی، کارآمد نباشد. در مطالعات پیشین برای تعیین موقعیت و راستای سوراخ انتهایی، اغلب تنها هندسه­ی قسمت انتهایی میله مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی فرضیهی امکان استفاده‌ی ترکیبی از روش­های تحلیل مکانیکی میله و داده­های تصویری برای تعیین موقعیت سوراخ انتهایی میله می­باشد. در روش پیشنهادی، رفتار میله با توجه به مشخصات هندسی آن (نسبت طول به قطر بین 25 تا 50) با استفاده از مدل تیر اویلر-برنولی شبیه­سازی شده و الگوی تغییر شکل آن به دست می‌آید. سپس با انطباق الگوی تغییر شکل بر تصویر میله در صفحه­ی کناری و استفاده از الگوریتم تکراری نزدیک­ترین نقاط، تغییر شکل میله و موقعیت سوراخ انتهایی محاسبه می‌گردد. به منظور ارزیابی فرضیهی پژوهش و سنجش دقت محاسبه‌ی موقعیت سوراخ انتهایی بر اساس روش پیشنهادی، آزمایش روی 5 نمونه از استخوان فمور جسد انسان صورت پذیرفت و موقعیت پیش‌بینی شده و واقعی سوراخ انتهایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که با استفاده از تحلیل مکانیکی و داده‌های تصویری از انحنای میله، موقعیت سوراخ‌های انتهایی با خطای موثر میانگین 84/0 میلی‌متر و خطای حداکثر  3/1 میلی‌متر محاسبه می‌گردد. انتظار می‌رود که با ترکیب روش پیشنهادی با روش‌های تصویری مبتنی بر شکل سوراخ، بتوان در آینده به خطای کم‌تر از میلی‌متر در تعیین موقعیت سوراخ دست یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimating the Position of Distal Hole of Intramedullary Nail using Mechanical Modeling and Image Curvature Data

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Mortazavi 1
  • Farzam Farahmand 2
  • Saeed Behzadipour 3
  • Ali Yeganeh 4

1 Ph.D Student, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Intramedullary nailing is a common technique for treatment of femoral shaft fractures. Nail deformation after insertion into the bone, makes the distal hole locking a challenging task for the surgeon. The proximally mounted targeting systems for locating the position of the distal hole become ineffective due to the nail deformation. The previous image-based techniques have often considered the shape of the distal end of the nail only to find the position and direction of the distal hole. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis of possibility of locating the position of the distal hole using mechanical modeling and radiography data simultaneously. In the proposed method, according to the nail geometry (length to diameter ratio between 25 and 50), an Euler-Bernoulli beam model is used to simulate the mechanical behavior of the nail and calculate its deformation pattern. Then, by registering the deformation pattern with the sagittal radiography image of the nail, using iterative closest point algorithm, the nail deformation and the position of the distal hole are predicted. In order to evaluate the research hypothesis, a number of experiments were performed on five cadaveric femurs and the predicted and actual positions of the distal hole were compared. Results indicated that by using mechanical modeling and the imaging data of the nail curvature, the position of the distal hole could be predicted with a mean error of 0.84 mm and a maximum error of 1.3 mm. It is expected that by combining the proposed method with the image-based techniques, which make use of the shape data of the hole, a sub-millimeter error in locating the distal hole could be achieved in future.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Femur Fracture
  • Computer-Aided Surgery
  • Iterative Closest Point
[1]     R. A. Winquist, S. T. Hansen, D. K. Clawson, Closed intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures. A report of five hundred and twenty cases, J Bone Joint Surg Am, Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 529-539, 1984.
[2]     C. Krettek, J. Mannß, T. Miclau, P. Schandelmaier, I. Linnemann, H. Tscherne, Deformation of femoral nails with intramedullary insertion, Journal of orthopaedic research, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 572-575, 1998.
[3]     I. Sugarman, I. Adam, T. Bunker, Radiation dosage during AO locking femoral nailing, Injury, Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 336-338, 1988.
[4]     V. Uruc, R. Ozden, Y. Dogramacı, A. Kalacı, B. Dikmen, O. S. Yıldız, E. Yengil, The comparison of freehand fluoroscopic guidance and electromagnetic navigation for distal locking of intramedullary implants, Injury, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 863-866, 2013.
[5]     G. Whatling, L. Nokes, Literature review of current techniques for the insertion of distal screws into intramedullary locking nails, Injury, Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 109-119, 2006.
[6]     I. Stathopoulos, P. Karampinas, D.-S. Evangelopoulos, K. Lampropoulou-Adamidou, J. Vlamis, Radiation-free distal locking of intramedullary nails: Evaluation of a new electromagnetic computer-assisted guidance system, Injury, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 872-875, 2013.
[7]     Y. Arlettaz, A. Dominguez, A. Farron, M. Ehlinger, B. K. Moor, Distal Locking of Femoral Nails: Evaluation of a New Radiation-Independent Targeting System, Journal of orthopaedic trauma, Vol. 26, No. 11, pp. 633-637, 2012.
[8]     L. Joskowicz, C. Milgrom, A. Simkin, L. Tockus, Z. Yaniv, FRACAS: a system for computer-aided image-guided long bone fracture surgery, Computer Aided Surgery, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 271-288, 1998.
[9]     S. Malek, R. Phillips, A. Mohsen, W. Viant, M. Bielby, K. Sherman, Computer assisted orthopaedic surgical system for insertion of distal locking screws in intra‐medullary nails: a valid and reliable navigation system, The international journal of medical robotics and computer assisted surgery, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 34-44, 2005.
[10] S. Tyropoulos, C. Garnavos, A new distal targeting device for closed interlocking nailing, Injury, Vol. 32, No. 9, pp. 732-735, 2001.
[11] S. Boraiah, J. U. Barker, D. Lorich, Efficacy of an aiming device for the placement of distal interlocking screws in trochanteric fixation nailing, Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery, Vol. 129, No. 9, pp. 1177-1182, 2009.
[12] T. Leloup, W. El Kazzi, F. Schuind, N. Warzee, A novel technique for distal locking of intramedullary nail based on two non-constrained fluoroscopic images and navigation, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 1202-1212, 2008.
[13] G. Zheng, X. Zhang, D. Haschtmann, P. Gédet, X. Dong, L.-P. Nolte, A robust and accurate two-stage approach for automatic recovery of distal locking holes in computer-assisted intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 171-187, 2008.
[14] G. Zheng, X. Zhang, A novel parameter decomposition based optimization approach for automatic pose estimation of distal locking holes from single calibrated fluoroscopic image, Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol. 30, No. 9, pp. 838-847, 2009.
[15] W. Viant, R. Phillips, J. Griffiths, T. Ozanian, A. Mohsen, T. Cain, M. Karpinske, K. Sherman, A computer assisted orthopaedic surgical system for distal locking of intramedullary nails, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, Vol. 211, No. 4, pp. 293-300, 1997.
[16] Y. Zhu, R. Phillips, J. G. Griffiths, W. Viant, A. Mohsen, M. Bielby, Recovery of distal hole axis in intramedullary nail trajectory planning, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, Vol. 216, No. 5, pp. 323-332, 2002.
[17] L. J. Z. Yaniv, Precise Robot-Assisted Guide Positioning for Distal Locking of Intramedullary Nails, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 624-635, 2005.
[18] T. Leloup, W. Kazzi, O. Debeir, F. Schuind, N. Warzée, Automatic fluoroscopic image calibration for traumatology intervention guidance, in Proceeding of, IEEE, pp. 374-377.
[19] J. Mortazavi, F. Farahmand, S. Behzadipour, A. Yeganeh, M. Aghighi, A Patient Specific Finite Element Simulation of Intramedullary Nailing to Predict the Displacement of the Distal Locking Hole, Medical Engineering & Physics, Vol. 55, pp. 34-42, 2018.
[20] W. Bruns, M. Bruce, G. Prescott, N. Maffulli, Temporal trends in femoral curvature and length in medieval and modern Scotland, American journal of physical anthropology, Vol. 119, No. 3, pp. 224-230, 2002.
[21] X.-Y. Su, Z. Zhao, J.-X. Zhao, L.-C. Zhang, A.-H. Long, L.-H. Zhang, P.-F. Tang, Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Curvature of the Femoral Canal in 426 Chinese Femurs, BioMed Research International, Vol. 2015, 2015.
[22] N. Chantarapanich, K. Sitthiseripratip, B. Mahaisavariya, M. Wongcumchang, P. Siribodhi, 3D geometrical assessment of femoral curvature: a reverse engineering technique, Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Vol. 91, No. 9, pp. 1377, 2008.
[23] B. Moor, M. Ehlinger, Y. Arlettaz, Distal locking of femoral nails. Mathematical analysis of the appropriate targeting range, Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research: OTSR, Vol. 98, No. 1, pp. 85, 2012.
[24] K. A. Egol, E. Y. Chang, J. Cvitkovic, F. J. Kummer, K. J. Koval, Mismatch of current intramedullary nails with the anterior bow of the femur, Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, Vol. 18, No. 7, pp. 410-415, 2004.
[25] W. L. Buford Jr, B. J. Turnbow, Z. Gugala, R. W. Lindsey, Three-dimensional computed tomography–based modeling of sagittal cadaveric femoral bowing and implications for intramedullary nailing, Journal of orthopaedic trauma, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 10-16, 2014.
[26] F. A. Mourtada, T. J. Beck, D. L. Hauser, C. B. Ruff, G. Bao, Curved beam model of the proximal femur for estimating stress using dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry derived structural geometry, Journal of Orthopaedic Research, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 483-492, 1996.
[27] P. J. Besl, N. D. McKay, Method for registration of 3-D shapes, in Proceeding of, International Society for Optics and Photonics, pp. 586-607.
[28] S. Du, N. Zheng, G. Meng, Z. Yuan, Affine registration of point sets using ICP and ICA, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, Vol. 15, pp. 689-692, 2008.