نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تغییر در الگوهای فعالیت عضلانی یکی از عوامل و نیز پیامدهای کمردرد غیراختصاصی مزمن به شمار می­رود. در مطالعات اخیر استفاده از سینرجی عضلانی به عنوان راه‌کاری ارزنده برای تحلیل نحوه‌ی هم‌کاری عضلات در حرکات بدن معرفی شده است. در این مقاله، روش مطالعاتی جدیدی برای مدل‌سازی بالاتنه و استخراج سینرجی‌های عضلانی متغیر با زمان در حرکات صفحه‌ای خم شدن کمر ارائه شده است. از این رو، با در نظر گرفتن 18 عضله‌ی تاثیرگذار و تابع هزینه‌ی ترکیبی کمینه‌ی جرک- انرژی، 24 حرکت و الگوهای عضلانی متناظر آن‌ها شبیه‌سازی شده است. جهت بررسی نقش سرعت، الگوی فعالیت عضلانی به دو بخش تونیک، برای غلبه بر نیروی گرانش و بخش فازیک، متناسب با سرعت حرکت بالاتنه تقسیم‌بندی شده است. در ادامه برای هر جهت، سه زمان دست‌یابی به هدف برابر با 75/0، 1 و 2 ثانیه لحاظ گردیده است. نتایج نشان می­دهد که 77% از الگوی عضلانی حرکات کمر با استفاده از 4 سینرجی فازیک و 4 سینرجی تونیک حاصل می­گردد. سینرجی‌های به دست آمده کاملا تحت تاثیر جهت و سرعت حرکت می­باشند به گونه‌ای که هر جفت از سینرجی فازیک و تونیک در یکی از جهت‌های اصلی بیش‌ترین تاثیر را ایفا می‌کنند. از طرفی افزایش سرعت، باعث افزایش ضریب بزرگی و سریع‌تر فعال شدن سینرجی‌های فازیک نسبت به حالت معمول می­شود. در ادامه با در نظر گرفتن حرکت ترکیبی 45 درجه خمش به جلو همراه با 30 درجه خمش به چپ، 2/77% از الگوهای عضلانی حرکت  با استفاده از سینرجی‌های متغیر با زمان بازسازی شده است. می‌توان گفت که استفاده از سینرجی‌های عضلانی، توضیح مناسبی را برای چگونگی هم‌کاری عضلات در تولید حرکت در جهت‌ها و سرعت‌های مختلف ارائه می­دهد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Lumbar Muscle Synergy in Flexion Movement using Time-Varying Muscle Synergies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Bagheri Rouchi 1
  • Mehrdad Davoudi 1
  • Mohammad Parnianpour 2

1 M.Sc., Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

According to the literature, changes in muscle activity patterns are considered as one of the causes of non-specific chronic low back pain. Recent studies have introduced muscle synergy as a valuable tool for analyzing how muscles work in body movements. In this way, a new study method is proposed for modeling upper body and extracting time-varying muscle synergies in flexural motion of the waist. In this way, a new study method is proposed for modeling trunk and extracting time-varying muscle synergies in plane bending movements of lumbar flexion. Considering 18 effective muscles and function of the combined cost of the minimum jerk-energy, 24 different movements and their corresponding muscle patterns have been simulated. To evaluate the role of velocity, the pattern of muscle activity was divided into two parts: tonic, to overcome the gravity force, and phasic, proportional to the trunk movement velocity. In the following, three fast-reaching times of 0.75, 1, and 2 seconds were considered for each direction. The results showed that 77% of the lumbar muscle pattern of movement was achieved by four phasic synergies and four tonic synergies. The resulting synergies are quite influenced by the movement direction and velocity, so that each pair of phasic and tonic synergy is most effective in one of the main directions. On the other hand, the increase in velocity causes elevated amplitude coefficient and accelerated activation of phasic synergies compared to normal mode. Considering the 45° flexion combination with 30° left lateral bending, 77.2% of the muscle pattern of movement has been reconstructed using time-varying synergies. It can be argued that the use of muscle synergies expresses a good explanation for how muscles work in movement at different directions and velocities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Time-Varying Synergies
  • Phasic and Tonic Synergies
  • Spinal Cord
  • Optimal Control
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