نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه بیومکانیک، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران

2 دانشیار، گروه بیومکانیک، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران

3 مربی، گروه پیراپزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بابل، بابل

4 دانشیار، گروه بیومکانیک، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران

چکیده

شیوع کمردرد و ناهنجاری­های کمری در جوامع مختلف رو به افزایش است، به علاوه اندازه­گیری مستقیم نیروی مربوط به عضلات و مهره­های ستون فقرات بسیار دشوار است. از این‌رو، استفاده از مدل­های بیومکانیکی اسکلتی-عضلانی به عنوان یک ابزار جهت محاسبه­ و تخمین نیروهای وارده بر ستون فقرات در فعالیت­های مختلف کاربرد فراوانی پیدا کرده است. لذا هدف این پژوهش تخمین نیروهای مذکور به روش­های مختلف به خصوص در فعالیت باربرداری می­باشد. بدین منظور از یک مدل اسکلتی-عضلانی آناتومیکی توسعه یافته شامل 6 مفصل سه درجه‌ی آزادی و 76 فسیکل عضلانی استفاده شده­ است. به علت بیش‌تر بودن تعداد مجهولات (نیروی عضلات) از تعداد معادلات تعادل، سیستم دچار افزونگی بوده و مساله جهت حل، نامعین می­باشند. بنابراین، از روش­های ترکیبی بهینه‌سازی و الکترومایوگرافی برای تخمین نیروی عضلات استفاده شده است. از آن‌جا که نیروهای عضلات حاصل از روش­ الکترومایوگرافی، معادلات تعادل را ارضا نمی­کند، از یک‌سری ضرایب تصحیح جهت ارضای معادلات تعادل در تمام سطوح مفصلی کمری استفاده شده است. طبق نتایج به دست آمده برای یک فعالیت فیزیکی خاص، به علت استفاده از الگوریتم­های مختلف جهت یافتن نیروها، ضرایب تصحیح متفاوتی برای هر عضله در روش­های ترکیبی مختلف به دست می­آید. مقادیر متفاوتی برای نیروی عضلات و میزان پایداری تخمینی توسط روش­های ترکیبی مختلف به دست آمد، اما نیروهای فشاری و برشی مفصلی در مدل­های ترکیبی به یک‌دیگر نزدیک می­باشد. جهت صحت‌سنجی نتایج مدل، از داده­های مربوط به فشار دیسک چهارم و پنجم کمری در یک مطالعه­ی آزمایشگاهی استفاده شد، که هر دو مورد فشار را در محدوده‌ی 3/0 - 8/1 مگاپاسکال گزارش کرده­اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of Low Back Muscles and Joints Forces in Various Physical Tasks using a Combined Optimization-EMG based Spinal Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yousef Mohammadi 1
  • Rasoul Abedi 1
  • Navid Arjmand 2
  • Gholamreza Ataei 3
  • Nasser Fatouraee 4

1 Ph.D Student, Facualty of Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Facualty of Biomechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

3 Instructor, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Department of Radiological Technology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Facualty of Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The growth of low back pain and disoreders are increasing in different societies. Furthermore,the direct in vivo measurement of spinal and muscle forces is so difficult. Hence, the use of musculoskeletal biomechanical models has been emerged applicably as a tool for calculating and estimating spinal forces under various activities. Thus, the purpose of this study is to estimate the mentioned forces with different methods especially in lifting tasks. To this end, a six-joint model with eighteen degrees of freedom and 76 trunk muscle fascicles has been developed. Due to more number of unknowns (muscle forces) than equilibrium equations, the system is redundant and the problem is indeterminate to be solved. So the electromyography assisted optimization (EMGAO) approach is used for estimating muscle forces. Since foregoing EMG muscle forces do not satisfy equilibrium equations, correction coefficients have been used for satisfying equilibrium at all lumbar joint levels. According to results in an identical task, all of the approaches indicated substantial differences in correction coefficients for each muscle. Although the stability and muscle forces are different in various EMGAO methods, spinal compression and shear forces are closer to each other in these methods. For validation of results, the intradiscal pressure (IDP) at L4-L5 in various methods are in agreement with in vivo IDP value of an experimental test measurement so that both of them reported this quantity in the range of 0.3-1.8 (MPa).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Electromyography
  • Hybrid Methods
  • Intradiscal Pressure
  • Low Back Muscle Force
  • Optimization
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