Document Type : Full Research Paper
Authors
1
Ph.D. Student, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran / Stem Cells Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3
Associate Professor, School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan / Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
4
Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Hyperthermia techniques (HT) have recently received much attention and are less invasive than other cancer treatment methods. However, they still face many challenges. Incomplete and reversible thermal necrosis in the tumor, damage to healthy tissue around the tumor, and prolonged ablation time, especially in large tumors where the doctor has to heat different areas of the tumor several times, are some of the problems with this method. Laser Interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is one of the most common types of ablation hyperthermia for tumor tissue destruction and cancer treatment. In this method, a heat source provided by a laser fiber drives the cancerous tissue to the irreversible thermal necrosis stage. A cylindrical geometry of breast tissue containing the tumor is considered, simulated by a Gaussian shape of the laser radiation. Then, the possibility of injecting and placing a fat layer around the tumor during treatment is investigated by modeling. In order to account for the limited rate of heat transfer and the problems inherent in the Pennes equation that violate the second law of thermodynamics, a dual phase lag (DPL) model was implemented to predict thermal outcomes. Treatment was performed with and without a fat layer surrounding the breast tumor. The results show that tumor destruction is enhanced by the injection of a 0.4 cm3 fat layer. Also, a fat layer surrounding the tumor indicates irreversible ablation occurs more rapidly. In addition, a fat layer surrounding the tumor prevents damage to surrounding healthy tissue. This allows a larger volume of thermal ablation to occur within the tumor.
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