نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی پزشکی، گروه مهندسی پزشکی، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی پزشکی، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان

3 دانشیار، آزمایشگاه کنترل حرکت و علوم اعصاب محاسباتی، قطب علمی پردازش هوشمند و کنترل، دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر، پردیس دانشکده‌های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران

چکیده

راه رفتن از پرکاربردترین حرکات انسانی است؛ از این­رو مطالعة عوامل اثرگذار بر این حرکت، همواره مورد توجه بوده است. از آن جا که سرعت به‌عنوان یک اختلال فیزیکی بر ابعاد مختلف راه رفتن تاثیر می‌گذارد، هدف این مطالعه نیز بررسی و تحلیل اثر سرعت بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و فیزیولوژیکی است. این تحلیل بر مبنای پردازش اطلاعات به‌دست‌آمده از یک گام، قرار گرفته است. مطالعه روی 32 آزمودنی سالم با میانگین سنی 40/20 ± 56/27 سال، میانگین وزنی 59/20 ± 89/54 کیلوگرم و میانگین قدی 83/20 ± 19/158 سانتی­متر انجام شد، که %59 از آن‌ها زن بودند. اطلاعات سینتیکی، سینماتیکی و الکترومایوگرافی هر یک از آزمودنی­ها در پنج سرعت مختلف ثبت شده است. هدف اصلی، بررسی تأثیر سرعت بر جنبه­های مختلفی از سیستم کنترل حرکت، تعریف شده است. برای این منظور، اثر سرعت بر 46 ویژگی‌از اطلاعات زمانی- مکانی، سینرژی عضلانی، نرمی حرکت، شکل حرکات مفاصل و همبستگی بین جابه­جایی اندام­های تحتانی و هم­چنین همبستگی بین الگوی فعالیت الکتریکی عضلات بررسی شده است.در بین ویژگی­های معرفی‌شده در این مطالعه و نیز از مطالعات حوزة حرکت از ویژگی­های جدیدی نظیر سینرژی عضلانی، نرمی حرکت، همبستگی در اندام­های تحتانی و شکل حرکات تولیدی توسط مفاصل استفاده شد، که تا‌کنون در توصیف اثرگذاری سرعت بر راه رفتن افراد سالم استفاده نشده است؛ برای مثال، استفاده از مفهوم سینرژی نشان داد که سرعت­های بیشتر موجب افزایش انداذة فضای سینرژی می­شود. همین امر می­تواند به‌عنوان نشانه­ای از راهکار پیچیده­تری باشد که توسط سیستم اعصاب مرکزی، گرفته شده است تا در شرایط ناپایدار، که در سرعت­های بالا رخ می­دهد، در وضعیت مطلوبی باقی بماند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان می­دهد که سرعت، نقش مهمی در راه رفتن دارد. روش­های مورد بررسی در این مقاله را می­توان روی آزمودنی­های بیشتر و بیماران درگیر با نقص حرکتی نیز بررسی کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Speed on Motion Features During a Gait Cycle

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghazaleh Soleimani 1
  • Mehran Emadi Andani 2
  • Hamid Reza Marateb 2
  • Fariba Bahrami 3

1 MS.c Student, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

3 Associate Professor, University of Tehran, College of Engineering, School of ECE, CIPCE, Human Motor Control and Computational Neuroscience laboratory, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Walking is one of the most widely used movements affecting life quality. Therefore, the study of factors affecting human gait has always been an important issue. Walking speed, as a physical perturbation, affects the quality of human walking. The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of walking speed on the short-time gait parameters. Thirty-two healthy subjects(mean SD, age: 27.56 ± 20.4 years; body height: 158.19 ± 20.83 cm; body weight: 54.89 ± 20.59 kg;gender: 59% female)participated in this study.Kinetic, kinematic and electromyographic data were recorded at the following five walking speed categories: very slow, slow, medium, fast and very fast. The effect of speed on spatio-temporal parameters, muscle synergy space, walking smoothness, representation of joints displacement and the correlation between lower limb displacement and also correlation between muscles activation patterns were studied. Having being used physical perturbation, 46 predictors were extracted from one gait cycle information, some of which were proposed for the first time inthe literature for example size of muscle synergy, minimum angular jerk, lower limb contributions and skewness, kurtosis and curvature of joints movements . Using muscle synergies showed that increasing walking speed leads to increase the size of synergy space. It could be concluded that central nervous system tries to adopt more organaized strategy for recruiting muscles and remaining stable at fast speeds. Our results showed that, speed plays a crucial role in human gait characteristic. We can investigate our methods among more subjects and also patients with gait disorders. We can evaluate other indices like gait stability based on short-term data recording.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • gait
  • Speed
  • kinetic
  • Kinematic
  • Electromyographic
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