Iranian Journal of Biomedical Engineering (IJBME)

تحلیل اثر تنش برشی بر پاسخ تمایزی سلول‌های بنیادی مزانشیمی در داربست نانوکامپوزیتی چندلایه برای کاربرد در مهندسی بافت استخوانی-غضروفی با استفاده از روش‌های محاسباتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، بخش مهندسی پزشکی، گروه مهندسی علوم زیستی، دانشکده‌ی علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، بخش مهندسی پزشکی، گروه مهندسی علوم زیستی، دانشکده‌ی علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، بانک سلولی، انستیتو پاستور ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده
ترمیم آسیب‌های بافت استئوکندرال به دلیل پیچیدگی بسیار زیاد این بافت و توانایی محدود در خودترمیمی بافت غضروف، با چالش بزرگی مواجه است. در این راستا مهندسی بافت با ارائه‌ی داربست‌های حاوی سلول‌های بنیادی همراه با اعمال تنش‌های مکانیکی به عنوان راه‌کار پیشنهادی جدید برای ترمیم این بافت مورد توجه محققان قرار گرفته است. این مطالعه در مرحله‌ی نخست شامل ساخت داربست سه لایه‌ی فیبرویین ابریشم-نانوالیاف فیبرویین به روش خشکایش انجمادی و پس از آن شبیه­‌سازی محاسباتی تحریک مکانیکی داربست حاوی سلول‌های بنیادی در بیوراکتور پرفیوژن به روش اجزای محدود و برهم‌کنش سیال-سازه جهت طراحی بهینه‌ی آزمون‌های سلولی و در مرحله‌ی آخر شامل انجام آزمون‌های سلولی است. آزمون‌های مشخصه‌یابی نشان داده که این داربست از به‌هم‌پیوستگی بسیار خوبی در بین لایه‌ها برخوردار بوده و اندازه‌ی متوسط تخلخل‌ها در لایه‌ی استخوان، لایه‌ی میانی و غضروف به ترتیب 76، 152 و 102 میکرون است. این داربست بیومیمتیک دارای مدول فشاری 4/0 MPa و حداکثر مقاومت کششی 10 MPa در حالت مرطوب است. نتایج شبیه­سازی حاصل از عبور جریان سیال از داربست نشان داده که چنان­چه لایه­ی استخوان در مسیر ورودی جریان قرار گیرد، دامنه‌ی توزیع تنش برشی در داربست یک‌نواخت‌تر بوده و باعث تسهیل تمایز استخوانی و غضروفی می‌شود. هم‌چنین نتایج تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی نشان داده که پس از 14 روز اعمال تنش مکانیکی، علاوه بر گسترش سلولی، نفوذ سلول‌ها به لایه‌های پایین‌تر داربست نیز رخ داده است. علاوه بر این اعمال جریان پرفیوژن به مدت 21 روز منجر به افزایش معنی­دار بیان ژن­های استخوان و غضروف توسط سلول­های بنیادی بافت چربی خرگوش در لایه‌ی استخوان و غضروف داربست در مقایسه با کشت استاتیک شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of the Effect of Shear Stress on the Differentiation Response of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Multi-Layered Nanocomposite Scaffold for Bone-Cartilage Tissue Engineering using Computational Methods

نویسندگان English

Sara Zadegan 1
Bahman Vahidi 2
Nooshin Haghighipour 3
1 M.Sc., Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies (FNST), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies (FNST), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Pasteur Institute of Iran (IPI), Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Repairing osteochondral defects (OCD) remains a formidable challenge due to the high complexity of native osteochondral tissue and the limited self-repair capability of cartilage. In this regard, the development of osteochondral tissue engineering with scaffolds seeded with stem cells along with mechanical stimulation has been considered by the researchers as a new proposed technique for the repair of this tissue. In this study, at first we fabricated an integrated and biomimetic trilayered Silk Fibroin (SF) scaffold containing SF nano fibers in each layer. Then fluid wall shear stress in different areas of the scaffold was predicted in dynamic cell culture condition under the inlet velocity of 0.4 ml/min in a perfusion bioreactor using finite elements and fluid-structure interactions methods. Finally, using the simulation results, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of rabbit adipose derived stem cells (RADSCs) were analyzed. The results showed that this novel osteochondral graft has a seamlessly integrated layer structure and a high degree of pore interconnectivity. The average size of the pores in the bone layer, middle layer, and cartilage were 76, 152, and 102 microns, respectively. In addition, this biomimetic scaffold presented compressive moduli of 0.4 MPa and uitimate tensile strength of 10 MPa in the wet state. Also, based on the simulation analyses, the shear stress distribution is more uniform if the bone layer is exposed to the fluid inlet path which facilitates bone differentiation. Good adhesion and infiltration of cells were observed after 14 days dynamic culture. The results of expression analysis of differentiated genes in bone and cartilage layer containing RADSc after 21 days of culture under static and dynamic conditions showed that perfusion flow significantly upregulated the expression of bone and cartilage genes in the respective layers and downregulated the hypertrophy gene expression in intermediate layer of scaffold.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Perfusion Bioreactor
Osteochondral Tissue
Multi Layered Scaffold
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Stem Cells
Silk Fibroin
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دوره 16، شماره 3
پاییز 1401
صفحه 271-280

  • تاریخ دریافت 24 بهمن 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری 19 اسفند 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش 21 اسفند 1401