نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگر پسادکتری، پژوهشکده‌ی علوم شناختی، پژوهشگاه دانش‌های بنیادی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

10.22041/ijbme.2021.533988.1704

چکیده

در بیماری‌های مغزی عموما هر دو اتصال ساختاری و کارکردی مغز دست‌خوش تغییر شده و باعث بروز علایم رفتاری متفاوتی می‌شود. شناخت این تغییرات می‌تواند در راستای تشخیص، درمان و کنترل پیش‌رفت بیماری‌های مغزی کمک کننده باشد. بیماری اسکیزوفرنی یکی از این اختلالات روانی است که هر دو بخش ساختار و کارکرد مغز را به طور گسترده‌ تحت تاثیر قرار می‌دهد. مطالعاتی که در زمینه‌ی تغییرات مغزی این بیماری صورت گرفته عموما از دیدگاه بررسی ناحیه‌ای و یا واکسلی تصاویر مغز بوده است. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تغییرات مغزی از دیدگاه اتصالات مغزی برای بیماران مبتلا به اسکیزوفرنی بوده که از دو جنبه‌ی ساختار و کارکرد مغز مورد سنجش قرار گرفته است. بدین منظور با استفاده از روش آزمون آماری، مقایسه‌ای میان تمام اتصالات ساختاری و کارکردی مغز 92 فرد سالم و 37 فرد مبتلا به اسکیزوفرنی به دست آمده از تصاویر تشدید مغناطیسی صورت گرفته است. یافته‌های این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که تعداد یال‌هایی از شبکه‌ی کارکردی مغز افراد بیمار که دست‌خوش تغییر شده‌ حدود 4 برابر بیش از اتصالات ساختاری تغییر یافته در آن‌ها بوده که نشان از میزان بالای تاثیرگذاری این بیماری بر عمل‌کرد مغز دارد. هم‌چنین با بررسی تعداد یال‌های تغییر یافته به هر گره، نواحی درگیر شناسایی شده و نشان داده شده است که بیماران اسکیزوفرنی در بخش‌هایی از زیرشبکه‌های مغزی مربوط به شبکه‌ی حالت پیش‌فرض، توجه، حرکتی و بینایی دچار اختلال می‌شوند. هم‌چنین اتصالات ساختاری مغز این بیماران در نواحی شکنج پیشانی فوقانی، شکنج گیج‌گاهی و بخشی از قشر پس‌سری درگیر شده و در این نواحی عموما افزایش نسبی قدرت اتصالات ساختاری دیده می‌شود. نتایج این پژوهش حاکی از پراکندگی بالای تاثیرگذاری این بیماری روی مغز است و به بیان فرضیه‌ای کمک می‌کند که بروز برخی از رفتارهای خاص در افراد مبتلا به این بیماری می‌تواند به دلیل افزایش قدرت اتصالات ساختاری باشد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Statistical Analysis of Altered Brain Structural and Functional Connectivity in Schizophrenia Patients

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Keyvanfard 1
  • Alireza Rahiminasab 2
  • Abbas Nasiraei Moghaddam 3

1 Post-Doctoral Research Fellow, School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran

2 M.Sc. Student, Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

In brain disorders, both the brain structural and functional connectivity are altered and cause different behavioral symptoms. Recognizing these variations can help us to diagnose, treat, and control its progression. Schizophrenia is one of these mental disorders that widely affects the brain structure and function. Investigation of brain variations in this disease has commonly been based on voxel-wise analysis or region-based studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate brain structure and function alterations in schizophrenia patients comparing to healthy control from the brain connectivity perspective. For this purpose, using the statistical test method, a comparison was made between all the structural and functional connections in the brain of 92 healthy individuals and 37 schizophrenia patients obtained from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) respectively. The findings of this study indicate that the number of altered edges in the brain functional network of patients is about 4 times more than the number of varied structural connections, which indicates the high impact of this disorder on brain function. Also, examination of the number of altered edges connected to each node, the affected areas in this disease were identified and it was shown that the schizophrenia patients’ brain has changed in parts of the brain subnetworks related to the default mode network (DMN), attention, somatomotor and vision networks. It was also shown that the altered brain structural connections of patients are involved in the areas of the superior frontal gyrus, temporal gyrus and part of the occipital cortex which are mostly shown relative increasing of the structural connectivity weights. The results of this study indicate the widespread effect of this disorder on the brain and suggest that the occurrence of some abnormal behaviors in schizophrenia patients may be due to some increased structural connectivity weights.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Schizophrenia
  • Functional Connectivity
  • Structural Connectivity
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