نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی مکانیک و مکاترونیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران
2 دانشیار، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی مکانیک و مکاترونیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران
چکیده
مدلسازی بیومکانیک مفاصل انسان با توجه به اهمیت بالا و کاربرد آن، از دیرباز مورد توجه محققان بوده و از این رو همواره روش‌های مدلسازی مفاصل و تحلیل دینامیک حرکت انسان در حال توسعه است. در این مقاله مدل بیومکانیکی زانو توسعه داده شده و یک روش کلی برای تجزیه و تحلیل دینامیکی مسائل تماس در ترکیب با مدل اسکلتی عضلانی ارائه شده است تا تحت شرایط بارگذاری واقعی رفتار مدل دینامیکی زانو ارزیابی شود. توسعه‌ی این مدل دینامیکی شامل بیان هندسی منحنی‌های تماسی و الگوریتمی برای تعیین نقاط تصادم است. در این مطالعه به محاسبه‌ی عمق نفوذ غضروف و نیروی تماس از طریق قانون تماس ناپیوسته‌ی غیرخطی پرداخته شده است. بنابراین حرکت نسبی استخوان ران و ساق از طریق نیروهای عکس‌العمل شامل تماس دو زیرلایه‌ی تماسی غضروف و استخوان در زانو مدلسازی شده است. هم‌چنین دو مدل جدید منحنی برازش شده-صفحه، و مدل کره-صفحه با هم مقایسه شده و یک تحلیل برای مواردی مانند آرتروز زانو ارائه شده است. در این پژوهش حداکثر 12% تفاوت در عمق نفوذ غضروف مفصل تیبیوفمورال داخلی مشاهده شده که با توجه به ضرورت مدلسازی دقیق‌تر برای محاسبه‌ی گشتاورهای زانو، این مساله از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در مقایسه‌ی زانوی سالم و آرتروزی، مشاهده شده است که لزوما نیروی تماس در بیماران آرتروزی افزایش نیافته بلکه کاهش ضخامت غضروف موجب پیدایش تماس استخوان-استخوان در فرایند گام‌برداری می‌شود. میزان پیک عمق نفوذ در زانوی سالم 705/0 میلی‌متر بوده در حالی که این میزان برای زانوی 75% آرتروزی حدود 28% کاهش یافته است. این روش پیشنهادی با محاسبات نسبتا سریع و دقیق، ابزار مناسبی در تحلیل و کنترل مکانیسم‌های اسکلت خارجی میباشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Development of a Planar Multibody Model of the Knee Joint with Contact Mechanics
نویسندگان [English]
- Amirhosein Javanfar 1
- Mahdi Bamdad 2
1 Ph.D. Student, School of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Corrective Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
چکیده [English]
Biomechanical modeling of human joints has been considered for a long time by researchers due to its high importance and application. Therefore, methods of modeling joints, and kinematic and dynamic analysis of human movement have continuously been developing. In this paper, a biomechanical human knee model is developed, and a generic procedure for dynamic analysis of contact problems in combination with the musculoskeletal model is introduced. The development of this knee dynamic model includes the geometric expression of collision curves and an algorithm for determining collision points. This presentation addresses cartilage penetration depth and contact force calculation through nonlinear discontinuous contact law. Therefore, the femur and tibia's relative motion is modeled through the combined collision reactions of cartilage and bone in the knee. Moreover, two knee models, the novel curve fitted-plane contact model, and the spherical-plane contact model, have been compared, and a personalized model has been developed for such cases as knee osteoarthritis. There is a difference (average 12%) between the results of the enhanced model and the sphere on the plane model in the cartilage penetration. In the simulation, maximum penetration depth in a healthy knee is reported to be 0.705 mm, while in a 75% KOA is 0.521 mm, including 0.5 mm cartilage-cartilage contact and 0.021 mm bone-bone contact. The contact force is not increased in KOA despite the general belief. The cartilage penetration depth exceeds cartilage thickness, and the bone-bone contact leads to pain. It is a suitable tool for the analysis and control of the auxiliary device in order to control the relative motion of the tibia femur and their separation in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Forward Dynamics
- Nonlinear Discontinuous
- Contact Model
- Osteoarthritis
- Musculoskeletal Modeling
- Cartilage
- Penetration Depth
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